Biodiversity and conservation mcqs 1 congratulations you have completed. How in situ and ex situ methods are used to maintain biodive. Frontiers integrating insitu and exsitu data management. Pdf biodiversity encompasses variety and variability of all forms of life on earth that play a great role in human existence.
In situ conservation of biodiversity and protected areas. If not using, omit slides 58, and potential criteria for setting conservation priorities using the powerpoint file. Conservation is the protection, preservation, management, or restoration of wildlife and natural. Insitu measures are perceived as more holistic in their approach and allow the conservation of processes or habitats which cant be protected through exsitu measures e. In situ refers to recovery techniques which apply heat or solvents to heavy crude oil or bitumen reservoirs beneath the earths crust.
South africa has the richest temperate flora globally, and the checklist of food and fodder cwr for the country considers 258 taxa to be high priority for conservation. In situ leaching or in situ recovery refers to the mining technique of injecting water underground to dissolve ore and bringing the uraniumimpregnated water to the surface for extraction. Significance of biodiversity in natural medicine 6. Introduction to biodiversity center for biodiversity. The state of the world biodiversity for food and agriculture in brief. The sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity for food and agriculture call for approaches in which genetic resources, species and ecosystems are. In this section these and other conservation approaches and methods will be briefly described. Give examples insitu conservation insitu conservation involves protection of flora and fauna within its natural.
It is a costeffective and convenient method of conserving biodiversity. It is the natural wealth of the earth, which supplies all our food and much of our shelter and raw materials. Insitu conservation is the onsite conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural. Version 1 preface objectives of this guide this manual is intended for national programmes interested in supportingin situ conservation of agricultural biodiversity maintained onfarm by farmers. Its primary focus is upon maintaining the health of the natural world, its fisheries, habitats, and biological diversity.
Ex situ conservation involves the maintenance of genetic variation away from its original location. Establishment and implementation of ex situ conservation. It includes all of the native plants and animals in the world. Biodiversity conservation is accomplished in a number of ways. Pdf ex situ conservation of biodiversity with particular emphasis. Biodiversity conservation different methods and strategies.
Project report on biodiversity environmental pollution. Domestic and wild animal species are undergoing a profound erosion process due to natural and genetic. Considering the role of livestock in producing food, energy, raw materials and fertilizers, great efforts in the conservation of these genetic resources. Biodiversity is the variety of living species on earth plants, animals and microorganisms and the ecosystems they form. Ex situ and in situ conservation of agricultural biodiversity. Florent engelmann, in plant biotechnology and agriculture, 2012. Samples of populations of species, subspecies, cultivars, breeds, or varieties are taken and conserved either as living collections of plants in field gene banks, botanic gardens, and arboreta, or as samples of seed, tubers, tissue explants.
Biodiversity is the richness of organismsit may be refer to the total no. Download technical report 053 pdf file 993 kb to view this. It was written to provide a range of actors, including ministries of agriculture and the. The book is based upon a global survey, undertaken by the first author, of existing guidelines, methodologies, case studies and other relevant literature on the in situ conservation of plant species, as well as current activities in this area. Within the framework of the project strengthening the scientific basis of in situ conservation of agricultural biodiversity jarvis and hodgkin, 1998 and in line with the cbds programme of. Core descriptors for in situ conservation of crop wild. Intro to biodiversity conservation ppt powerpoint 2007. Copies can be obtained in pdf format from ipgris web site. Its conservation embraces maintenance, sustainable utilization, and. In situ conservation of crop genetic resources has sometimes not been given importance. This process protects the inhabitants and ensures the sustainability of the environment and ecosystem. Insitu conservation, the conservation of species in their natural habitats, is considered the most appropriate way of conserving biodiversity. Through the conservation of biodiversity and the survival of many species and habitats which are threatened due to human activities can be ensured. An in situ approach to the conservation of temperate cereal.
In situ conservation of wild plant species a critical. That is what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world. Ex situ seed conservation ex situ conservation is the conservation of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. Both in situ on site and ex situ off site means of conservation are equally important and to be considered complementary to each other. Difference between in situ and ex situ conservation. Although viable populations of some organisms can be maintained exsitu either under cultivation or in captivity, these methods are. Complementary approaches for maintaining biodiversity haileab zegeye department of biology, faculty of natural and computational sciences, debre tabor university, p. National parks, sacred forests, lakes, marine parks, biosphere reserves, gene sanctuaries. Insitu conservation of biodiversity is the conservation of species within their natural habitat. Ex situ conservation forms the basis of article 9 of the convention on biological diversity cbd, which highlights it should always be implemented as a complementary and not as an alternative approach to in situ conservation. The study of homegarden agrobiodiversity, practices of homegardening. The most commonly used measures of biological diversity are genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.
Insitu on site, in place conservation is a set of conservation techniques involving the designation, management and monitoring of biodiversity in the same area where it is encountered. The aim of insitu conservation is to allow the population to maintain or perpetuate itself within the community environment. The only disadvantage of in situ conservation is that it requires large space of earth which is often difficult because of growing demand for space. Insitu conservation is on site conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural populations of tree species. Ex situ conservation in this approach, threatened animals and plants. The study of homegarden agrobiodiversity, practices of homegardening and its role for in situ conservation of plant biodiversity in eastern hararghe, kombolcha town oromia regional state ethiopia. They are compatible with bioversitys crop descriptor lists, the faobioversity list of multicrop passport descriptors v.
In situ conservation is the onsite conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural populations of teagan species. In the convention on biodiversity cbd, which has 42 articles, article 8 and 9 are about in situ conservation and exsitu conservation respectively. The aim of this book is to provide readers with a broad understanding of the concept and methodologies of in situ conservation for target plant species. In order to ensure the maintenance of biodiversity, there is a need to employ complementary in situ and ex situ conservation. Along with forest policy, it is fundamental to redesign the new forest act, national parks and wildlife. An in situ approach to the conservation of temperate cereal crop wild relatives in the mediterranean basin and asian centre of diversity volume 17 special issue jade phillips, katherine whitehouse, nigel maxted. Vani maam enlightens you with the genetic diversity, species diversity, ecological diversity, loss of biodiversity, cause of biodiversity, biodiversity conservation, reasons for. In this chapter, we have presented the new biotechnological possibilities for improving ex situ. Biodiversity can be conserved in two main ways, insitu conservation and exsitu conservation. In situ co nservation of biodiversity is advantageo us in that it is a cheap and convenient m ethod that requires peoples our su pportive role. Ex situ conservation provides less mobility to the organisms due to relatively smaller habitat or area than the in situ.
Ex situ conservation of biodiversity with particular. Ijres 4 2017 112 issn 20591977 in situ and ex situ conservation. Historically, insitu conservation was the preferred biodiversity conservation approach over exsitu conservation 10. Insitu conservation of biodiversity and protected areas. This is the variety of genetic information contained in all of the individual plants, animals and micro organisms. In situconservation the cbd unep, 1992, covering both wild and domesticated. Landscape management for environmental services, biodiversity conservation and livelihoods 2. Traditionally, protected areas have been seen as the cornerstone of insitu conservation. The conservation of biodiversity is achieved by two approaches in situ and ex situ. Insitu conservation of biodiversity and protected areas although viable populations of some organisms can be maintained exsitu either under cultivation or in captivity, these methods are far less effective than insitu methods, and, generally, they are extremely costly. Domestic and wild animal species are undergoing a profound erosion process due to natural and genetic causes. Biodiversity biological diversity is the total variety of living organisms in all ecosystems on earth, the genetic differences between them, and the communities and ecosystems in which they.
Biodiversity is the variety of different forms of life on earth, including the different plants, animals, microorganisms, the genes they contain and the ecosystem they form. In addition, plant species providing how to cite this paper. Seed gene banks make the easiest way to store germplasm of wild and cultivated plants at low temperature. Exsitu conservation forms the basis of article 9 of the convention on biological diversity cbd, which highlights it should always be implemented as a complementary and not as an. Insitu management approaches can either be targeted at populations of selected species speciescentred or whole ecosystems ecosystembased. Pdf a ny natural calamitya drought, a fire, a flood or a new diseasewould have a tough job wiping out everything alive. Crop wild relatives a manual of in situ conservation. Exsitu off site conservation techniques are implemented away. Although viable populations of some organisms can be maintained ex situ either under cultivation or in captivity, these methods are far less effective than in situ methods, and, generally, they are extremely costly. In this method, the natural ecosystem is maintained and protected.
Insitu conservation is the onsite conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural populations. Zoos contribute substantial resources to in situ conservation projects in natural habitats using revenue from visitor attendance, as well as other sources. Nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of animals have been recorded from india. A system wide approach to managing zoo collections for. Ex situ measures should preferentially be put into practice in the country of species origin. Insitu conservation is one of two basic conservation strategies, alongside exsitu conservation.
Download technical report 053 pdf file 993 kb to view this document you need the current version of adobe acrobat reader, available free from the adobe web site. Ex situ conservation of biodiversity with particular emphasis. Article 8 of the convention on biological diversity cbd specifies insitu. Introduction in strategies of biodiversity conservation mainly two basic strategies have been proposed to ensure the future survival of endangered species. Following are the important advantages of in situ conservation. Neet biology biodiversity and conservation neetprep. Schwartz kr, parsons ecm, rockwood l and wood tc 2017 integrating in situ and ex situ data management processes for biodiversity conservation.
In this section these and other conservation approaches and. The insitu concept is best understood in contrast to exsitu conservation. An ecosystem is the name given to all living species that live. Biodiversity encompasses variety and variability of all forms of life on earth that play a great role in human existence.
Insitu or on site conservation is conservation of wild animals and plants in their natural habitat. Biodiversity can be conserved in two main ways, insitu conservation and ex situ conservation. Insitu conservation aims to enable biodiversity to maintain itself within the context of the ecosystem in which it is found. Until recently, most conservation efforts, apart f rom work on forest genetic resources. Introduce biodiversity conservation, exsitu and insitu conservation approaches optional see tips for teaching below. Insitu and exsitu conservation jamaican biodiversity. Pdf technologies and strategies for ex situ conservation. Priority areas for the in situ conservation of crop wild. In situ conservation of wild plant species a critical global. Biodiversity and its conservation are now vital environmental issues of international concern. Exsitu methods focus on species conservation in botanic gardens, zoos, gene banks, and. In situ conservation of biodiversity is the conservation of species within their natural habitat. It involves the location, sampling, transfer and storage of samples of the target taxa away from their native habitat to be conserved at a remote site.
Jan 19, 2017 introduction in strategies of biodiversity conservation mainly two basic strategies have been proposed to ensure the future survival of endangered species. Biodiversity biological diversity is the total variety of living organisms in all ecosystems on earth, the genetic differences between them, and the communities and ecosystems in which they occur. Biodiversity, biotechnology, and intellectual property i n the convention of biological diversity, 1993 4 touro j. Pdf the 1992 united nations convention on biological. What is meant by in situ and ex situ conservation of biodiversity. List 2004 documents the extinction of 784 species including 338. Biodiversity and conservation although india h as only 2. This is followed by a summary of in situ conservation priorities for tree species of conservation concern based on the results. It is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural habitat.